319 questions

The 1972 Clean Water Act (CWA) was amended in 1987 to include Section 319 for states to establish a Non-point Source Management Program. States “receive grant money which support a wide variety of activities including technical assistance, financial assistance, education, training, technology transfer, demonstration projects, and monitoring to assess the success of specific non-point source implementation projects.” Section 319 was amended to the CWA because point source pollution from places like water treatment plants and factories were already reduced with the 1972 CWA and water quality problems still existed. Therefore, sources of pollution that could not be easily identified (non-point source pollution) needed to be looked at more closely. Septic systems are considered non-point sources of pollution because there are multiple systems involved in creating the pollution from various locations. To Read Section 319 of the Clean Water Act, go to the Environmental Protection Agency’s website at http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/sec319cwa.html.

Why did the Health Department feel they needed to ask for a 319 Grant?

The Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Non-point Source Assessment showed that 57% of the stream miles within the watershed were impaired, and septic systems were identified as a “source of known or suspected impact.” The Stillwater River Watershed Protection Project also identified failing septic systems as a potential source of pollution in the watershed. The Darke County Health Department, being part of the Stillwater River Protection Project and being the lead agency within the county responsible for oversight of these systems, is devoted to doing its part to help solve the problem. The Darke County Health Department’s goal is “to protect and promote the health of all citizens of Darke County through development of programs to meet identified needs, and assure that the programs developed actually meet the needs.”

What was the Darke County Health Department’s goal for this project?

The goal was to reduce water quality impacts from onsite septic systems. This goal was accomplished by increasing homeowner awareness of septic systems, preventing septic system failure through education on septic systems, and repairing and replacing failing septic systems.

What were the objectives for this program?

There were six main objectives for this program. The objectives were to revise Darke County’s Strategic Plan for On-Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal systems that was written in 1985, update the Health Department’s database and computer system, locate septic tanks and wells, increase voluntary inspection of septic systems, increase homeowner awareness on the proper maintenance of septic systems, and repair or replace failing septic systems.

Did this program going to cost me?

As a taxpayer you supported this program. The Ohio Environmental Protection Agency had funding available for 319 Grant distribution and we were fortunate enough to receive some of that money. If we did not receive this money, some other county would. This program helped to support the Darke County Health Department’s mission which includes promoting and protecting the “Darke County Community’s environmental well being.”

What other county health departments in the area are, or have been involved in a 319 program such as this one?

Counties within the area that have had a 319 Grant for onsite septic systems are Shelby, Miami, and Clark.

How long did this program last?

The grant lasted for 3 1/2 years. The grant was began January 1, 2004 and ended June 30, 2007.

What happens after the three years was over?

New homes’ septic tanks and wells will continue to be mapped and database information will continue to be updated even after the program has ended. If the program is successful, it may be continued for the remainder of Darke County. We may ask for more funding from the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency to help us accomplish this. There may also be additional programs that we may want to continue after the grant is over.

Would permit prices go up after three years to support this program?

Current permit prices are not based upon this program. Additional funding would have to be obtained in order to continue this particular program. Some components that can be economically continued will be continued. All fees are established by a cost methodology where the fee cannot be greater than the cost to implement the program.

Pollution Questions:

What parts of the Stillwater River Watershed are polluted?

Those areas identified in the Stillwater River Watershed Project where on-site septic systems are ranked as having the greatest pollution included (listed in order of highest ranking) Painter Creek, Greenville Creek from Dividing Branch to Bridge Creek, from Bridge Creek to Mud Creek, from Mud Creek to West Branch, from Kraut to Indiana Border, and from the Stillwater to Bolton Run, Swamp Creek, Boyd Creek, and Woodington Run.

What is non-point source pollution?

Non-point source pollution is pollution that cannot be easily identified because it does not come from a single source or pipe.

An example of point source pollution is pollution from industrial plants or even sewage treatment plants. Non-point source pollution is pollution from fertilizers, herbicides, urban runoff, improperly managed construction sites and forests lands, acid drainage from abandoned mines, and faulty septic systems.

What is a TMDL?

“The Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program, established under Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1313), focuses on identifying and restoring polluted rivers, streams, lakes and other surface waterbodies. A TMDL is a written, quantitative assessment of water quality problems in a waterbody and contributing sources of pollution. It specifies the amount a pollutant needs to be reduced to meet water quality standards (WQS), allocates pollutant load reductions, and provides the basis for taking actions needed to restore a waterbody.”

Notification and Mailing:

How were people being notified of this project?

Press releases, brochures, letters, bulletin board, web site, public meetings, and township meetings.

How was the mailing being done?

The mail was done by bulk mail on rural routes. Therefore, we did not do all of the mailings at one time. More packets were mailed as the program continued. Although we are only concentrated on the homeowners who received mailings during a particular time period, we also tried to organize the program by a township-by-township basis in order to hold public meetings and to meet with township trustees. It is possible that we may have sent residents a mailing when they should not have received one. For example, mailings may have been received by people who lived outside of Darke County, lived outside of the Stillwater River Watershed, or within a village that will be going to central sewage in the near future. Please disregard the mailing if any of these conditions apply. It is also possible that individuals should have received a mailing and did not. If this is the case, we provided information as we visited the property. We apologize for any inconvenience, but all homeowners should know that if you live in the Stillwater River Watershed and you have a septic system, your property will be visited. This is unless you will be connecting to central sewage within the next couple of years or other certain conditions exist.

I never received a letter explaining the program, what was it all about?

The envelope included a letter to the homeowner explaining the program and letting the homeowner know that a representative will be visiting their property to map the location of their septic tank and well. The envelope also included a map of the Stillwater River Watershed. The homeowner letter was available on our website during the grant period. The packet also included a strip of flagging to mark the location of your septic tank and a notice of a public meeting.

Why wasn’t I invited to the public meeting and my neighbor was?

If you did not receive a mailing from us telling you of an upcoming meeting, you should have received a future mailing if you live within the Stillwater River Watershed in Darke County.

Could you explain the flagging that I received in my envelope?

The flagging is to mark the location of your septic tank. If you know where your septic tank is located, please use the flagging to mark its location. This will allow us to easily map the septic tank and leave your property in a timely manner. We will be placing notices in the local newspaper (s) telling homeowners what areas we are currently working in and when you should place your flags in the yard. To use the flag, simply tie it to a stick and place it over the location of the septic tank.

Mapping:

What is the benefit of having my septic tank mapped?

Information about the septic systems will be computerized so homeowners, realtors, bankers, and potential buyers, will be able to locate and quickly access the data. If homeowners need help remembering when they had their septic tank pumped or inspected they can call us once we have that information available on file. We will be able to give potential buyers information on the septic system and its location for the home under consideration. The data from mapping can also be used in future septic planning and aid in the development of sewer districts.

If this program is for septic tank maintenance awareness, why is the Health Department mapping my well?

Knowing the location of your well is also very important. Septic waste can pollute drinking water wells. Mapping well locations will help identify potential problems and keep drinking water safe. Although most wells are above ground and can easily be found, having a database that includes all of the well locations in Darke County could eliminate potential problems in the future. If abandoned wells are located they will need to be sealed.

My house is new and a drawing of the location of my septic tank is on the permit, so why is the Health Department mapping it?

The Health Department will still be mapping septic tanks because we are making a database that will eventually include all of the septic tanks and wells within the Stillwater River Watershed. In this case, the visit will confirm the septic tank’s location.

Are we just mapping the Stillwater River Watershed?

This grant involved the mapping all of the septic tanks and wells within the Stillwater River Watershed that are within Darke County. The main purpose of this grant was to reduce pollution within the watershed. The mapping of the watershed was completed within the grant period. Areas outside of the watershed will be mapped as time permits.

Field Visits:

What is the Health Department going to be doing on my property?

We will be mapping the location of your septic tank and well. A door knob bag will also be left that includes a brochure on septic system maintenance and types of primary and secondary treatment, a copy of your septic system permit (if available), a magnet, and a letter explaining whether or not your septic tank has been located. We may also ask you some questions about your septic system if you are home at the time.

When are you visiting my property?

We will be placing notices in the local newspaper (s) telling homeowners what areas, by roads and township, we are currently working in. After reading the notice you should place your flag at the septic tank location and we will remove it after your property has been visited.

Will I be required to dig up my yard to locate my tank?

No. We are not requiring anyone to dig up his/her yard. If you know where your septic tank is located we would appreciate you marking its location with the flag we mailed to you. If you do not know where your septic tank is located, we would encourage you to find its location. If you do not mark the location of your septic tank with a flag, we will attempt to locate the septic tank for you. We recommend having your septic tank pumped every 3-5 years. If you have lived in your home longer than this, you should learn your tank’s location and get it pumped out to help extend its life.

What can I do to help?

The homeowner should provide as much information about their septic system to the field-worker as possible so that the field worker can more easily match your septic permit to your home. Some valuable information to share with the field worker include: the type of septic system you have, when it was put in, and previous homeowner names.

Why does the Health Department wish to match permits to septic tanks?

Many permits on file with the Health Department lack addresses and drawings that show where the septic tank is located. Because of this, the permits need to be matched with their respective septic systems. This will allow us to keep an accurate record of the septic system for future use.

Upgrading and Enforcement:

Will the Health Department be inspecting my septic system?

We will not be inspecting your septic system unless there are noticeable septic problems, such as sewage surfacing on the ground. We may also inspect your system if you do not have a permit on file with the Health Department. If you have an aeration system, we will check to make sure the motor is working properly. Our goal is to help educate homeowners on their system and explain the importance of septic tank maintenance.

Is the Health Department going to make me upgrade my system?

The intent of this project is not for enforcement or to upgrade working systems to current standards. However, if a septic system is found to be polluting the watershed or creating a nuisance, then the system will need to be brought into compliance. If the homeowner has a permit and the septic system is working according to that permit, (providing both primary and secondary treatment) then the septic system will not need to be upgraded.

What if I do not have a permit for my septic system?

The Darke County Health Department began requiring septic tank permits in 1953 when the first sewage code was adopted for the county. Homes older than this will not have a permit, unless they have had an upgrade on their septic system since that time. Homes without a permit may have secondary treatment, but it is likely that these homes do not have adequate treatment. If there is no permit for the home, it is likely that the septic system may need to be upgraded. The home sewage rules of 1977 did not grandfather existing septic systems. All homes are required to have a sewage treatment system that provides both primary and secondary treatment of their waste. Therefore, if there is no system that provides adequate treatment, upgrades may be required.

What does the Health Department consider a working system?

A working system is one that provides both primary and secondary treatment of septic waste and does not cause disease, nuisance, or other water quality impacts.

Four types of secondary treatment used commonly in Darke County are the absorption field or leach field, subsurface sand filter, mound system, and drywell. If your septic system does not have secondary treatment, it will need to be upgraded to meet compliance requirements. Also, if sewage is surfacing on the ground or a noticeable public health problem exists, the system will need to be upgraded.

If I only have a tank to a tile, is the Health Department going to make me upgrade my system?

Although the intent of this project is not to make homeowners upgrade their system, a system that only has primary treatment (septic tank) and no secondary treatment is polluting the watershed because it is not eliminating bacteria and other pollutants from the wastewater. A septic system without secondary treatment is also not in compliance with the Darke County Health Department’s Sewage Plan. Therefore, it is in the homeowner’s best interest to apply for funding to repair or replace their system.

What good are risers on my system?

Risers provide access for inspection and cleaning. They help locate the septic system, eliminate digging to get to the tank, and keeps owners more aware of their septic system and its maintenance needs.

Is the Health Department requiring risers to be on my system?

Hopefully this grant will encourage homeowners to install risers on their septic systems. Risers have been required by the Ohio Department of Health’s Household Sewage Disposal Rules under Chapter 3701-29-07(H) of the Ohio Administrative Code since 1977. Risers were provided on a first come, first served basis to homeowners who had their septic tanks pumped and who also filled out a “319 Grant – Septic System Riser Application.” Risers should be on both the inlet and the outlet lids of the septic tank.

Where can I get a copy of the Household Sewage Disposal Rules for Ohio?

Please go to the Ohio Department of Health’s website for a .pdf file of the 14 page document at:

http://www.odh.ohio.gov/rules/final/f3701-29.aspx

Sanitary Sewer:

If a sanitary sewer becomes available, must I connect to it?

Yes. You will be notified of a time limit in which you will have to connect to the central sewer. This requirement is established in Section 3701-29-02 (M) of the Ohio Administrative Code.

Do I have to abandon my old septic system if I connect to central sewer?

Yes. Any tanks and drywells must be pumped, crushed, and filled at the time the house is connected to the sewer. The plumber or septic contractor who makes the connection can accomplish this. The leach bed can be left undisturbed.

Septic System General Information:

What makes up a septic system? (Primary and Secondary Treatment)

A septic system usually consists of two parts: the septic tank and the leaching device. The septic tank is the primary treatment and the leach field is the secondary treatment. In Darke County, secondary treatment also would include the mound system, subsurface sand filters, and drywells. Primary treatment only helps settle solids, whereas secondary treatment removes harmful bacteria and other pollutants.

What is the purpose of a septic system?

The purpose of a septic system is to properly treat and dispose of the sewage that comes from the house. This would include removing solids and BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), and killing bacteria, viruses, and parasites.

How does the septic tank work?

Household wastewater flows from the home to the septic tank where it should stay for at least a day. In the septic tank, heavy solids in the wastewater settle to the bottom forming a layer of sludge, while grease and light solids float to the top forming a layer of scum. The sludge and scum remain in the tank where naturally occurring bacteria work to break them down. The bacteria cannot completely break down all of the sludge and scum however, and this is why septic tanks need to be pumped every 3 to 5 years. Pumping your septic tank is probably the single most important thing you can do to protect your septic system and your investment.

What happens to the sludge and scum in a septic tank?

Bacteria in the septic tank work to break down the solids. The sludge and scum that are not broken down are retained in the septic tank until the tank is pumped. If the septic tank is not pumped, the septic tank will fill with solids and may back-up into the home or the solids will flow into the leach field and clog the leach field or discharging pipe/outlet.

How does soil kill pathogens?

Soil destroys pathogens by a combination of ways. The soil can act as a filter to strain out the pathogens. There are also chemical and biological actions performed on the pathogens to dispose of them. The soil is not a friendly environment for pathogen survival; non-harmful bacteria and other organisms consume them.

What is a high water table?

It is a situation in which the soil is saturated with water. It can either be seasonal, such as in the winter and spring, or permanent, which means it occurs year round. Soils with a seasonal or permanent water table are usually dark gray or black.

What is the problem with a high water table?

In order to kill pathogens, the soil must be dry. Studies have shown that bacteria can travel greater distances in wet soils, which may cause contamination of water supplies. Also, wet soils cannot disperse water very well. High water table may saturate a leach bed and prevent the sewage from getting away and may cause sewage back-ups within the home.

Should my dishwater and laundry water go into my septic system?

It should. Dishwater and laundry water is known as graywater, which is different from sewage, known as blackwater. Some older homes may have separate plumbing for graywater, but all homes should have graywater and blackwater going into a septic system. Graywater on the surface of the ground smells and looks like sewage.

What size of sewage system would my home require?

For an existing home, it is determined by the number of bedrooms within the home. The more bedrooms within your home, the larger the size of the septic system that is needed. For a new home, the size of the septic system is based upon bedrooms in the home and square footage within the home. Offices, dens, studies, etc. are counted as bedrooms because they can be used in that manner. The answer to this question can be found by looking at our sewage installation requirements on our website at http://www.darkecountyhealth.org/sewage.html.

Why is the size of the septic system dependent on the number of bedrooms I have in my home?

Darke County uses the number of bedrooms to estimate the amount of people that are living in the household. We estimate that 120 gallons per bedroom, per day is used and the size of the septic tank and secondary treatment is dependent on that estimate.

Types of Sewage Systems:

Are Privies (a.k.a. outhouses) allowed in Darke County?

Yes, they are in the Sewage Code for Darke County but if there is running water on that property, then a septic system must be installed. The outhouse must be a watertight vault of not less than 500 gallons capacity.

What is the Soil Absorption System or Leach Field?

Leach fields provide additional treatment of the wastewater by allowing it to trickle from a series of perforated pipes, through a layer of gravel, and down through the soil. The soil acts as a natural filter and contains organisms that help treat the waste. When wastewater leaves a septic tank too soon, solids can be carried with it to the leach field. Solids damage the leach field by clogging the small holes in the leach field pipes and surrounding gravel.

What is an aeration system?

This type of wastewater system has a mechanical aerator installed over the sewage tank, which draws air into the sewage. The air is used by specific kinds of bacteria (aerobes) to purify the wastewater, hence these systems are properly referred to as Aerobic Sewage Treatment Systems. When the system is operating properly, the treated effluent should be clear and odorless.

Are aeration systems still allowed?

Aeration systems may be installed for existing homes that do not have room for a leach system provided there is an adequate outlet tile for the system. An up-flow filter must be included with this system.

What are some problems with aeration systems?

Studies have shown that the effluent from aeration systems do not always meet water quality standards. Aeration systems rely on a series of electrical components and parts which tend to wear, break, get clogged, etc.

Why are aeration systems not being installed in new houses?

Although aeration systems are still being used to replace failed septic systems, they are not being installed for new homes. The reason for this is that rigorous system maintenance is required. Aeration systems in Darke County have a 95% failure rate because the motors quit working. However, if an existing home has limited room for a leaching system, aeration systems or mound systems are the next best options.

What is a drywell?

Drywells are large concrete cylinders with many holes that allow the wastewater to leach into a bed of gravel that is placed around the cylinder. Once the effluent leaches through the bed of gravel, it is treated by the surrounding soil. Drywells are typically used on small lots where there is no outlet tile.

What is a Subsurface Sand-Filter?

A subsurface sand-filter consists of a bed of sand buried below the ground. Effluent is distributed onto the sand through distribution pipes laid above the sand in a bed of gravel. The sand naturally cleans the wastewater, and treated wastewater goes to a collection tile located in a bed of gravel located below the sand filter. The waste is then discharged off-lot through the tile.

What is a Mound System?

Whereas, a subsurface sand filter is located below ground, a mound system is located above ground. Mound systems can be used where the water table is high or the soil is too shallow or tight to provide adequate treatment. A dosing tank pumps the effluent to the mound where the effluent flows through a sand layer. After the wastewater flows through the sand layer, it enters the natural soil, which removes the remainder of the pathogens. There is no outlet tile for the system.

Septic System Maintenance Information:

How do I find my septic tank?

If you do not know where your septic tank is located, there are a few things you can do to try and locate it.

1. If your septic system was installed after 1953, you may be able to get a copy of the septic permit at the Darke County Health Department. Many permits have drawings showing the location of the septic system.

2. Determine the direction the sewer line goes out of the home. The sewer line can be located in the basement or crawl space. It is usually the largest diameter pipe made of plastic or cast iron with a cleanout access. Once the sewer pipe is located, run a flexible wire through the sewer line from the last opening in the house. Start digging where the wire stops.

3. With a metal rod or probe, start probing in the soil 10 to 15 feet out from the foundation of the home in the same direction that the sewer line left the basement.

4. On older homes, you may be able to locate the sewer vent pipe on the top of your home and go straight out about 5-15 feet and begin to probe.

A metal detector may be of assistance in finding the septic tank since most concrete septic tanks contain metal reinforcing rods or other metal parts. The septic tank is usually not buried any deeper than 2 to 3 feet. If you have a leach field, you can often see evidence of it because the grass is frequently greener above that area. This is because of the nitrogen in the wastewater. Once you have found the septic system, place risers on the inlet and outlet lids of your septic tank and prepare a drawing of where your system is located so it can easily be found in the future.

How long will my septic system last?

Underground pipes and septic tanks should last 20 to 30 years before they may begin to deteriorate. The system may then need to be repaired or replaced. Proper septic system maintenance is important in making your system last longer. The septic tank should be pumped every 3 to 5 years to prevent solids from clogging the leach field.

How do I know my if system is failing?

You may notice slow draining sinks and toilets, gurgling sounds in the plumbing, plumbing backups, sewage odors, wet or mushy ground, or greener grass in a particular area of the yard.

Should I use a garbage disposal?

Using a garbage disposal increases the amount of solids going into your septic tank. This then shortens the amount of time in-between septic tank pumpings. In a properly working system, the waste from the garbage disposal should not adversely affect your leaching system.

Do septic tank additives help?

The purpose of the septic tank is to trap sludge and other solids in the septic tank so that it can be held there and broken down into water-soluble parts. Many studies have been conducted of septic tank additives. None have proven to be effective, and many have been determined to be harmful to the septic system or the environment.

Does water conservation make my system last longer?

Yes. Your septic system is designed to handle the water from an average household. The average family uses between 150 to 300 gallons a day. If you decrease this amount, you can likely increase the life of your system.

How do I protect my system?

Follow these simple Do’s and Don’ts

DO

· Have your septic tank pumped and system inspected every 3 to 5 years by a licensed septic system contractor. Your can acquire a list of registered contractors from your local health department. If you have a garbage disposal, more frequent pumpings may be required.

· Learn the location of your septic system and leach field. Keep a sketch of it handy for service visits. If your system has a flow diversion valve, learn its location, and turn it once a year.

· Flow diverters can add many years to the life of your system.

· Divert roof drains and surface water from driveways and hillsides away from the septic system.

· Use bleach, disinfectants, and drain and toilet bowl cleaners sparingly and in accordance with product labels.

· Conserve water to avoid overloading the system. Repair leaky faucets or toilets.

· Keep your septic tank cover accessible for inspections and pumpings. Install risers if necessary.

· Plant grass over your leach field. The grass will help prevent erosion and remove excess water.

DON’TS

· Do not connect roof drains, water softeners or sump pumps to the septic tank.

· Do not use a garbage disposal; they will just add solids to your septic system.

· Do not allow anyone to drive or park, or operate heavy machinery over any part of the septic system.

· Do not plant trees over your septic system.

· Do not make or allow repairs to your septic system without notifying the health department. Use professional registered septic system contractors when needed.

· Do not use commercial septic tank additives. These products usually do not help and some may hurt your system in the long run.

· Do not dig your leach field or build anything over it, and do not cover the leach field with a hard surface such as concrete or asphalt.

DO NOT FLUSH

Cigarette butts, Coffee Grinds, Condoms, Dental Floss, Disposable Diapers, Fat, Grease, Oil, Kitty Litter, Medications, Paper Towels, Sanitary Napkins, Tampons, and Hazardous Chemicals such as: Paints, Varnishes, Thinners, Waste Oils, Photographic Solutions, and Pesticides

Pumping:

How often should I pump my tank?

On average your septic tank should be pumped every 3 to 5 years.

How much does it cost to pump my tank?

The cost of pumping your tank can range from $100 to $250. When you consider the cost of replacing your system ($7,000 to $12,000), this cost is well worth the money.

Why should I pump my tank if it is not causing me a problem?

Pumping your tank is like changing the oil in your car – you may not think you need an oil change every 3,000 miles but you are exercising preventative maintenance. When you pump your septic tank you are helping to prevent future problems such as your system backing up into your house.

Can I pump my own septic tank?

Yes, you, as the homeowner, may pump your own septic tank. You should be very cautious and know what you are doing. However, you also need to dispose of the waste legally.

Can I enter my septic tank?

Absolutely Not! Be sure to exercise appropriate caution when inspecting a septic tank. Never allow anyone to inspect a septic tank alone or go down into a septic tank. Toxic gases are produced by the natural treatment processes in septic tanks and can kill in minutes- even just looking in the tank can be dangerous. (Pipeline. Fall 1995.)

Voluntary Inspection Program:

Can you tell me about your Voluntary Inspection Program?

This program has been used by bankers, realtors, potential buyers, and homeowners to determine the status of a septic system. The voluntary inspection program requires that the septic tank be pumped at the time of inspection and the inlet and outlet lids of the septic tank, along with the distribution box, must be uncovered. This will help to increase the life of the system and help to reduce pollution in the watershed. If risers are not on the system at the time of inspection, they will have to be added. For additional information see Special Service Requirements and the Special Service Application.

Scavengers (Septic Pumpers):

What is a scavenger?

A scavenger is a person who is licensed by the Darke County Health Department to pump septic tanks.

Why do scavengers need to be registered?

According to the 1977 Ohio Administrative Code Chapter 3701-29-06(A) “no person shall perform the services of a sewage tank cleaner unless he holds a valid registration issued to him by the board of health.” This requirement is primarily to ensure the safe disposal of septic waste. Also, septic systems produce harmful fumes and can be dangerous to clean for those not adequately trained.

Who are the registered scavengers in Darke County?

A list of registered scavengers is available at the Darke County Health Department, 300 Garst Avenue, Greenville, Ohio, or look on our website on the home sale page.

Installation Costs:

How do I upgrade my system?

This would depend on what system you currently have and the land area you have available on your property. You should contact the Health Department for additional information. A septic permit must be obtained prior to installation. The fee for this permit is $250.00 if putting in a complete system and $150.00 for adding to an existing system.

Can I install my own leachfield?

Yes, you, as the homeowner, may install your own leachfield. However, you are not able to pay anyone to help you install the field. Otherwise, an installer registered with the Darke County Health Department must perform the installation.

What is the average cost for installing a septic tank and a leach bed?

The septic tank and absorption field will vary depending upon the size of the septic system. However, you may expect to see prices ranging from $7,000 to $12,000.

What is the average cost for installing a mound system?

A mound system will also vary depending on size. However, you may expect to see prices ranging from $10,000 to $16,000.

What is the average cost for installing an aeration system?

The cost of an aeration system may range from $7,000 to $10,000. Once again, this price depends on the size.

How much do risers cost?

Concrete risers with a lid usually costs under $100, but this depends on the height of the riser and the inside diameter. Under this grant, homeowners can be reimbursed up to $200 for installing risers on the inlet and outlet areas of their tank on a first come, first served basis to homeowners who have their tank pumped. Non-concrete risers will vary on price.

Installers:

Why do septic system installers need to be registered?

According to the 1977 Ohio Administrative Code Chapter 3701-29-06(A) “no person shall perform the services of an installer unless he holds a valid registration issued to him by the board of health.” We require all installers to be bonded by the Darke County Health Department so that if they do not properly install the system, the bond may be used to make the appropriate corrections.

Who are the registered installers in Darke County?

A list of registered installers is available at the Darke County Health Department, 300 Garst Avenue, Greenville, Ohio.

Loan and Grant Information:

Where can I obtain an additional application for the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Funding Assistance: Home Sewage Treatment System (HSTS) Upgrade or Replacement?”

The Application can be downloaded off of our website on the Septic System Repair or Replacement Application page or picked up at our office at 300 Garst Avenue, Greenville.

Who can Apply to upgrade or replace their septic system?

If you are a homeowner that lives within the Stillwater River Watershed portion of Darke County and you own an existing home, you can apply. However, you must have a discharging system or a septic system that is currently failing in order to qualify. Also, with the repairs or replacement recommended by the Darke County Health Department, the system must be non-discharging.

What is a discharging system?

A discharging system is one that has waste discharging off lot by way of a pipe or an outlet tile. An aeration system and a subsurface sand filter are discharging systems, and a system that just has a tank to a tile would also be considered discharging. A system that was installed as non-discharging, such as a leach field, mound system, or drywell could also be discharging if the system is failing and waste is being discharged off lot.

What is considered a failing system?

A failing system is one that is causing pollution, creating a nuisance, or causing a health concern for the occupant of the home or for the surrounding residents. This could include sewage surfacing on the ground and discharging systems.

What kind of grants or loans do you offer?

During the grant period, homeowners could apply for grant money, loan money, or both by filling out the Application for Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Funding Assistance. During the grant period, homeowners received grant money to repair or replace failing septic systems. The Advisory Board assigned for the grant will determined which homeowners received grant money by ranking a list of criteria. All grant money is currently expended; however, homeowners can still apply for the Ohio Water Pollution Loan Fund (WPCLF) where they may receive low interest loans to repair or replace their failing septic system. To qualify, the homeowner must submit an application, have a failing septic system and be located within the Stillwater River Watershed portion of Darke County.

Who is the Advisory Board?

The Advisory Board consisted of people in the community who are affected by or have an influence on septic system maintenance or repair. The Board consisted of a resident, a realtor, a septic tank pumper, a mayor, an excavator, an EPA employee, and employees of the Darke County Heath Department and the Stillwater River Watershed Project.

What Criteria did the Advisory Board look at when selecting applicants?

Two criteria were mandatory by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. These were that the system was currently failing and that it was a discharging system. Some of the criteria that the Advisory Board also looked at included: whether or not the drinking water had fecal contamination, the amount of discharge from the home, the location of the nearest stream from the home, when the home would have access to central sewage, whether or not the stream was highly polluted, the nature of the problem and if the system was backing up into the home, connection to storm water, and the density of houses within the area of the home.

How could recipients increase their chances of getting a grant?

The advisory board wished to help everyone who applied, but site-specific criteria were used to determine grant awards. Homes with failing systems and/or contaminated drinking water were highest priority. You can obtain information about water testing at the Darke County Health Department. Or see the Darke County Health Department website on the water sample application page.

How much grant money was available to homeowners with this program?

The total cost-share grant money for this project was approximately $300,000. Reimbursement amounts were based on the number of applicants. All cost share monies were based on actual costs of repair/replacement. There also $100,000 available to homeowners to install risers if they have their septic tank pumped.

If I am currently building a house, can I apply for cost-share money or loans?

No, because the system must currently be failing and it must be a discharging system. Therefore, new homes would not qualify.

How long before applicants knew whether they received funding?

The Advisory Board had to first meet in order to rank the homeowner on a set of criteria. If the applicant was approved, the Darke County Health Department sent the homeowner a letter explaining to them the time periods for repairing or replacing their system. The homeowner had two weeks to obtain a sewage permit. Improvements could not begin until a sewage permit was obtained and written notification of acceptance was received. Any expenses incurred prior to written approval was not eligible for reimbursement. The homeowner had to hire a contractor who was registered with the Darke County Health Department. The homeowner was also responsible for payment of all bills received. The Health Department would not make payment out to the contractor. Funding was reimbursed only after the work was complete and the system was no longer discharging. A Sanitarian also visited the property to approve the installation. The homeowner was responsible for getting a copy of the receipt of payment from the contractor for the work completed and giving it to the Health Department. The receipt had to include the name and telephone number of the homeowner and the contractor, the address of the home and the contractor’s business, the date of invoice, the total cost of the job, and a brief description of the work performed. After the receipt of payment was received, reimbursement occurred following the next Board of Health meeting. Board Meetings were scheduled once a month.

How much was a Sewage Permit during the program?

The Health Department required a permit to be obtained before any repairs or replacement could take place. The permit fee was $250.00 to replace your system and was $150.00 to replace part of or to add to the existing system. The homeowner how to know who would be performing the work before the permit could be issued.

Why did the Health Department need my Social Security number after I had been approved for funding?

Because the Health Department was required to provide this information to the Darke County Auditor’s Office for tax purposes. This value included any money given to the applicant through the 319 Grant-Septic System Riser Program.

Could property owners apply for any loans directly through the United States Environmental Protection Agency?

No, in accordance with guidance issued by EPA under Section 319 of the Clean Water Act, Section 319(h) funding decisions are made by the states. States submit their proposed funding plans to the EPA. If a state's funding plan is consistent with grant eligibility requirements and procedures, EPA then awards the funds to the state.

Riser Application Information:

How did recipients qualify for Risers on their systems?

Riser installation was determined on a first come first served basis to homeowners that needed risers on their septic tank. Homeowners had to fill out an application, and they needed to have a receipt that showed they had their septic tank pumped before they could receive risers. Any expenses incurred prior to written approval was not eligible for reimbursement.

Where could recipients obtain a “319 Grant – Septic System Riser Application?”

The Application was available on the Health District's website or picked up at the Health Department's office at 300 Garst Avenue, Greenville.

Did homeowners building a house, qualify for risers?

No, because one of the requirements for this riser program is that the house is pre-existing. New home septic tanks should have risers because they are required by the Ohio Department of Health’s Household Sewage Disposal Rules under Chapter 3701-29-07(H) of the Ohio Administrative Code. Although some older homes may not have risers because previous homeowners removed them, newer homes must have them.

Money Usage:

Why were my tax-paying dollars go towards this program?

The ultimate goal of this project was to reduce pollution in the Stillwater River Watershed, which will not only result in a cleaner environment but also a healthier community. Using tax dollars to help keep Darke County healthy is a great investment.

What was all the grant money used for?

A total of $300,000 was available for cost-share money to replace or repair failing septic systems. We also had a total of $100,000 available for homeowners to install risers on the inlet and outlet lids to their septic tank. The remainder of our grant went into supplies, personnel, equipment, and the computer systems (Geographic Information System, ArcView 8.3).

Property Rights:

Does the Health Department have a right to be on my property?

Yes. In the 1977 Ohio Department of Health’s Household Sewage Disposal Rules, Chapter 3701-29-17(A) states “the health commissioner may at any reasonable time during the course of construction or any time thereafter inspect any household sewage disposal system or part thereof, sample the effluent, or take any other steps which he deems necessary to insure proper compliance.”

What if I would prefer the Health Department to stay off my property?

If you mark the location of your septic tank, you can reduce the amount of time we spend on your property. We have inserted flagging in the envelopes that were mailed to the homeowners. Please use this flagging to mark the location of your septic tank. This will allow us to easily map the septic tank and leave your property in a timely manner.

Will the information collected be public record?

All of our information is public record. However, this is not information that can easily be accessed from the Internet or other sources. Individuals must come to the Health Department or make a written request to obtain this information.

References:

Darke and Miami County Health Districts Stillwater Watershed Protection Project. “Maintaining Your Wastewater System: A Guide For Homeowners.”

Darke County General Health District brochure.

Miami County Health District. “Frequently Asked Questions About Septic Systems.”

Ohio Department of Health. “Household Sewage Disposal Rules: Ohio Administrative Code Chapter 3701-29.” 1977.

Pipeline. Fall 1995.

United States Environmental Protection Agency. Page last updated on Tuesday, March 9th, 2004. http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/cwact.html.

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